Development of an IgG-Fc fusion COVID-19 subunit vaccine,AKS-452

AKS-452 is a biologically-engineered vaccine comprising an Fc fusion protein of the SARS-CoV-2 viral spike protein receptor binding domain antigen (Ag) and human IgG1 Fc (SP/RBD-Fc) in clinical development for the induction and augmentation of neutralizing IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection to address the COVID-19 pandemic. The Fc moiety is designed to enhance immunogenicity by increasing uptake via Fc-receptors (FcγR) on Ag-presenting cells (APCs) and prolonging exposure due to neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) recycling. AKS-452 induced approximately 20-fold greater neutralizing IgG titers in mice relative to those induced by SP/RBD without the Fc moiety and induced comparable long-term neutralizing titers with a single dose vs. two doses. To further enhance immunogenicity, AKS-452 was evaluated in formulations containing a panel of adjuvants in which the water-in-oil adjuvant, Montanide™ ISA 720, enhanced neutralizing IgG titers by approximately 7-fold after one and two doses in mice, including the neutralization of live SARS-CoV-2 virus infection of VERO-E6 cells. Furthermore, ISA 720-adjuvanted AKS-452 was immunogenic in rabbits and non-human primates (NHPs) and protected from infection and clinical symptoms with live SARS-CoV-2 virus in NHPs (USA-WA1/2020 viral strain) and the K18 human ACE2-trangenic (K18-huACE2-Tg) mouse (South African B.1.351 viral variant). These preclinical studies support the initiation of Phase I clinical studies with adjuvanted AKS-452 with the expectation that this room-temperature stable, Fc-fusion subunit vaccine can be rapidly and inexpensively manufactured to provide billions of doses per year especially in regions where the cold-chain is difficult to maintain.     

老年患者不稳定性股骨转子间骨折的术式选择

目的探讨不同的内固定方式在老年患者不稳定性股骨转子间骨折治疗中的应用。方法参照Evans分型,85例老年患者股骨转子间骨折,不稳定性77例,稳定性8例,分别应用不同内固定治疗,其中Gamma钉20例、重建钉25例、动力髋部螺钉(DHS)和动力髁部螺钉(DCS)40例。结果术后随访79例,均获得骨折愈合,愈合时间4～7个月,平均5.2个月,其中大于5°髋内翻者有12例。根据患者骨折愈合、关节活动、主观感觉与生活能力恢复等因素制定疗效评定标准,优良率为84.8%(67例)。未发生因本手术所致内科合并症加重或患者死亡。结论髋内翻是老年患者不稳定性股骨转子间骨折内固定术后的主要并发症。Evans分型对选择内固定具有指导意义。结合老年患者骨质疏松情况,针对不同骨折类型选用适当的内固定器械,可以提高不稳定性转子间骨折的疗效。     

Complications associated with maxillary nerve block anaesthesia via the greater palatine canal

This paper documents the type, frequency and duration of complications associated with regional anaesthesia of the maxillary nerve via the greater palatine canal in a series of 101 patients treated in the Oral Surgery Department, United Dental Hospital of Sydney.     

MRI in greater trochanter pain syndrome

The greater trochanter pain syndrome refers to pain on the lateral aspect of the hip joint. This is frequently attributed to trochanteric bursitis and distension of the subgluteal bursae. Associated tears of the tendons of gluteus medius and minimus have been described and may result from repetitive frictional trauma to these tendons and their associated bursae secondary to impingement beneath the tensor fascia lata. Occasionally tendinous damage may result from acute local direct trauma or a hyperadductive strain injury. We describe MRI in two patients with chronic lateral hip pain.     

大网膜人工窦道预防胆管引流管拔出后胆漏的动物实验研究

目的探讨采用带蒂大网膜在胆管引流管周围做成人工窦道的方法及效果。方法建立实验兔胆管引流动物模型。100只新西兰大白兔随机分为2组,即实验组及对照组。每组再随机分成5个亚组,每亚组10只,在手术后3、6、9、12、15d分别剖腹了解5亚组中一亚组胆管引流管窦道形成情况,并取部分窦道壁送病理检查。结果实验组在不同时间点,窦道完全形成动物数分别为:3d8只,6d10只,9d10只,12d10只,15d10只;对照组分别为:3d1只,6d1只,9d2只,12d3只,15d4只。两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论采用带蒂大网膜在胆管引流管周围形成人工窦道的方法简单、实用,不仅可缩短留置T管的时间,而且可有效防止拔T管后胆漏的发生,值得临床推广使用。     

肱骨大结节内骨小梁变化与年龄的关系

目的:观察国人肱骨大结节内骨小梁变化的年龄特征,为应用肱骨大结节内骨小梁的变化进行年龄鉴定提供依据。方法:随机拍摄10~93岁177例汉族人上肢双侧肩部前后位X线片,并对每个性别每个年龄组X线片上肱骨大结节内骨小梁的疏密度、粗细及与骨髓腔的融合情况进行观察。结果:根据观察结果,将肱骨大结节内骨小梁的这些指标的变化分成5期。随着年龄的增长,国人肱骨大结节内骨小梁疏密度、粗细及与骨髓腔融合时间表现出不同的特征。结论:肱骨大结节内骨小梁的变化具有年龄相关性。这为应用其进行年龄鉴定提供了国人的参考依据。     

A new method for assaying adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum and its application for evaluating anti-adhesion activities of chemically synthesized oligosaccharides

A new ex vivo method for assaying adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum has been developed using mouse greater omentum and [³H]labelled human gastric and mouse colorectal cancer cells. Since the adhesion rates were found to increase up to 18 h and labelled cells seemed to be stable during the period, the present method could be useful for investigating adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum, which must occur at the first step of the peritoneal dissemination. The adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum was inhibited by a series of chemically synthesized oligosaccharides and Galβ1,3[3OMeGalβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,6]αBn was found to be the best inhibitor. The anti-tumor effect of this novel tetrasaccharide in vivo was shown in preliminary experiments using Balb/c mice and colon26 cells.     

大转子截骨在人工髋关节置换术中的应用分析

目的本研究主要就大转子截骨入路在人工髋关节置换术中的应用价值展开分析探讨,以此来为此类患者的临床治疗提供参考。方法选择我院2011年4月至2012年4月所收治的100例髋关节骨折患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行人工髋关节置换术治疗,利用随机分层法将其均分成对照组与观察组,对照组患者给予常规手术治疗,观察组患者采用大转子截骨入路来进行治疗。结果两组患者的治疗总有效率存在明显差异,具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论大转子截骨入路在人工置换术中的应用不仅提高了治疗效果,可以对本研究中观察组患者的治疗方式进行大力推广并普及使用。